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(二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備)@使用環(huán)境

 
 
價(jià)格 28000.00不限
數(shù)量 9888
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瀏覽 9
型號 108
爆破力 300MPA
產(chǎn)地 衡水
地區(qū) 河北衡水市
過期 長期有效
更新 2022-03-24 14:43
 






詳細(xì)說明
 二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備涉及地下采礦技術(shù)領(lǐng)域,尤其涉及一種二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法,用以解決礦體比上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖穩(wěn)固的礦山在爆破開采中安全事故率高、開采成本高的問題。二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法包括如下步驟:人工致裂:根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)的地質(zhì)資料、裂隙分布規(guī)律及應(yīng)力分布資料,對采場的礦體進(jìn)行人工致裂;裂隙監(jiān)測:對人工致裂區(qū)域進(jìn)行監(jiān)測,獲得裂隙的分布和延伸范圍;自然崩落:礦體自然掉落。二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備的自然崩落法適用于礦體比上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖穩(wěn)固的礦山開采。

1.一種二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法,其特征在于,適于礦體比上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖穩(wěn)固的礦山,其包括如下步驟:人工致裂根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)的地質(zhì)資料、裂隙分布規(guī)律及應(yīng)力分布資料,對采場的礦體進(jìn)行人工致裂;裂隙監(jiān)測:對人工致裂區(qū)域進(jìn)行監(jiān)測,獲得裂隙的分布和延伸范圍;自然崩落:礦體自然掉落。

2.基礎(chǔ)的地質(zhì)資料和裂隙分布規(guī)律借助于以下步驟獲得:地質(zhì)勘查:對采場進(jìn)行地質(zhì)勘查,獲得基礎(chǔ)的地質(zhì)資料和裂隙分布規(guī)律; 應(yīng)力分布資料借助于以下步驟獲得:地應(yīng)力監(jiān)測:獲得應(yīng)力分布資料。

3.當(dāng)裂隙的分布和延伸范圍達(dá)不到優(yōu)自然崩落條件,則重復(fù)人工預(yù)裂和裂隙監(jiān)測,直到當(dāng)裂隙的分布和延伸范圍達(dá)到優(yōu)自然崩落條件,結(jié)束人工預(yù)裂和裂隙監(jiān)測。

4.在人工致裂步驟中:人工致裂的方式為通過致裂孔對礦塊施加高壓作用。

5.通過致裂孔對礦塊施加高壓作用的方式為高壓流體和高壓氣體。

6.在人工致裂步驟中:人工致裂的方式為高壓脈沖致裂。

7.致裂孔的布置形式為水平孔、豎直孔及傾斜孔。

8.在自然崩落步驟中:設(shè)置切幫巷道8進(jìn)行崩落邊界控制。

9.在地質(zhì)勘查步驟中:地質(zhì)勘查的方式為超聲波、物探、微震監(jiān)測中一種或多種。

10.在地應(yīng)力監(jiān)測步驟中:地應(yīng)力監(jiān)測的方式為包括水壓致裂法、聲發(fā)射法、剛性包體應(yīng)力計(jì)法。

11.在裂隙監(jiān)測步驟中:裂隙監(jiān)測的方式為微震、聲發(fā)波、抄生波、鉆孔、多點(diǎn)位移計(jì)及測斜儀中一種或多種。


二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法技術(shù)領(lǐng)域

二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備涉及地下采礦技術(shù)領(lǐng)域,尤其涉及一種二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法。

背景技術(shù)

二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法作為一種高效、低成本的采礦方法,在開采低品位破碎類型礦體時(shí)能夠充分回收和利用資源,具有十分明顯和獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢。 二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法是一種不依賴大規(guī)模鑿巖爆破的高強(qiáng)度的采礦方法,該方法借助于拉底(必要時(shí)在礦塊邊界輔以割幫或預(yù)裂)工程因素,誘使礦巖中的應(yīng)力發(fā)生變化,從而使得礦體中的結(jié)構(gòu)面不斷擴(kuò)展形成貫通的裂隙網(wǎng),并在自重作用下發(fā)生自然崩落。 其作用機(jī)理,在可崩性良好的礦巖中,礦塊大面積拉底后,破壞了礦塊內(nèi)礦體的應(yīng)力平衡,引起應(yīng)力重分布,必然會(huì)形成新的平衡拱,拱內(nèi)的礦石因受到重力作用而周期性的脫落。現(xiàn)有應(yīng)用二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法采礦的礦山包括有色金屬礦山,有色金屬礦山的礦體相比上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖不穩(wěn)固,裂隙較為發(fā)育,因此礦體的可崩性較好,適合使用二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法進(jìn)行開采,具體地,例如在銅礦峪銅礦中,已經(jīng)成功應(yīng)用二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法開采礦石。二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法的使用條件為:礦體是不穩(wěn)固的,而上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖是穩(wěn)固的,理想條件是礦體為中等堅(jiān)硬,且礦體具有密集的節(jié)理和裂隙,當(dāng)拉底到一定面積之后能自然崩落成大小適中的礦石。二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法不適于,礦體是穩(wěn)定的而上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖是不穩(wěn)定的礦山。對于礦體是穩(wěn)定的,而上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖是不穩(wěn)定的礦山,例如黑色金屬礦山(黑色金屬礦山的礦體相對圍巖穩(wěn)固,裂隙不夠發(fā)育),因?yàn)椴粷M足現(xiàn)有二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法的使用條件,目前,常用的開采方式為爆破開采的方式。爆破開采是在工作面,利用爆破使得礦塊松動(dòng)破碎,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)開采的方式。爆破開采的不足為,爆破會(huì)引起安全事故率高、開采成本高等爆破危害。

(一)要解決的技術(shù)問題

二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備的目的在于提供一種二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法,用以解決礦體比上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖穩(wěn)固的礦山在爆破開采中安全事故率高、開采成本高的問題。

(二)技術(shù)方案

為了達(dá)到上述目的,二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備采用的主要技術(shù)方案包括:二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備提供一種二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法。具體地,該二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法,適于礦體比上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖穩(wěn)固的礦山,其包括如下步驟:人工致裂:根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)的地質(zhì)資料、裂隙分布規(guī)律及應(yīng)力分布資料,對采場的礦體進(jìn)行人工致裂;裂隙監(jiān)測:對人工致裂區(qū)域進(jìn)行監(jiān)測,獲得裂隙的分布和延伸范圍;自然崩落:礦體自然掉落。 進(jìn)一步地,基礎(chǔ)的地質(zhì)資料和裂隙分布規(guī)律借助于以下步驟獲得: 地質(zhì)勘查:對采場進(jìn)行地質(zhì)勘查,獲得基礎(chǔ)的地質(zhì)資料和裂隙分布規(guī)律;應(yīng)力分布資料借助于以下步驟獲得:地應(yīng)力監(jiān)測:獲得應(yīng)力分布資料進(jìn)一步地,當(dāng)裂隙的分布和延伸范圍達(dá)不到優(yōu)自然崩落條件,則重復(fù)人工預(yù)裂和裂隙監(jiān)測,直到當(dāng)裂隙的分布和延伸范圍達(dá)到優(yōu)自然崩落條件,結(jié)束人工預(yù)裂和裂隙監(jiān)測。進(jìn)一步地,在人工致裂步驟中:人工致裂的方式為通過致裂孔對礦塊施加高壓作用。進(jìn)一步地,通過致裂孔對礦塊施加高壓作用的方式為高壓流體和高壓氣體。進(jìn)一步地,在人工致裂步驟中:人工致裂的方式為高壓脈沖致裂。進(jìn)一步地,致裂孔的布置形式為水平孔、豎直孔及傾斜孔。進(jìn)一步地,在自然崩落步驟中: 設(shè)置切幫巷道8進(jìn)行崩落邊界控制。進(jìn)一步地,在地質(zhì)勘查步驟中: 地質(zhì)勘查的方式為超聲波、物探、微震監(jiān)測中一種或多種。進(jìn)一步地,在地應(yīng)力監(jiān)測步驟中:地應(yīng)力監(jiān)測的方式為包括水壓致裂法、聲發(fā)射法、剛性包體應(yīng)力計(jì)法。進(jìn)一步地,在裂隙監(jiān)測步驟中:裂隙監(jiān)測的方式為微震、聲發(fā)波、超聲波、鉆孔、多點(diǎn)位移計(jì)及測斜儀中一種或多種。

(三)二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備的有益效果是:

二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法,利用人工致裂使得礦塊上的裂隙分布和范圍比礦塊上原始的裂隙分布和范圍增加,降低了礦塊的堅(jiān)固性系數(shù),進(jìn)而提高了礦塊的可崩性,實(shí)現(xiàn)了礦石的自然崩落。無需使用爆破即可實(shí)現(xiàn)礦物的回采,不僅降低了爆破震動(dòng)的影響,而且減少了爆破煙的產(chǎn)生,實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色高效開采。工作人員無需在暴露的上盤圍巖下工作,降低了發(fā)生事故的概率,保證了安全生產(chǎn)。省去了爆破的高昂費(fèi)用,降低了采礦的成本,進(jìn)而提高了礦山的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)開采。使得放礦過程中的大塊處理進(jìn)程提前,在回采之前控制崩落礦石的塊度,避免了放礦堵塞以及二次破碎問題。二氧化碳爆破設(shè)備自然崩落法不僅不存在礦體比上盤圍巖和下盤圍巖穩(wěn)固的礦山在爆破開采中安全事故率高、開采成本高的問題,而且實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色高效開采,此外,避免了放礦堵塞以及二次破碎問題。


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